What is the role of CRM during high-workload phases such as takeoff and landing?

• A. Clear communication, task delegation, situational awareness, and assertive decision-making to manage risk.
• B. Avoidance of communication to reduce noise.
• C. Delegating all decisions to one pilot.
• D. Ignoring workload and continuing as normal.

Answer: (A)

CRM during high-workload phases is about using teamwork to keep the flight safe by sharing workload and staying aware. In the two most demanding parts of flight—takeoff and landing—the crew must communicate clearly, assign tasks so no single person is overloaded, and maintain shared situational awareness. That means using concise, standardized phrases, confirming each task as it’s handed off, and continually cross-checking each other’s actions so nothing slips through the cracks. When the situation demands quick, confident judgment, the crew should speak up and make decisions collaboratively, with one member taking the lead only as appropriate and others providing monitoring and input.

This approach reduces the chance of miscommunication, overlooked steps, or delayed actions that could escalate risk. It contrasts with avoiding communication, which fragments information and leaves critical details unshared; delegating every decision to one person, which ignores the benefits of team input; and ignoring workload and continuing as normal, which tends to overwhelm individuals and misses important cues. By prioritizing clear communication, task delegation, situational awareness, and assertive decision-making, CRM helps the crew navigate the peak workload safely and efficiently.